Whether we look between countries, companies, employees, or genders, economic inequality is one of today’s defining issues. But what, exactly, is it? Economists agree that it’s not a monolithic problem, with a single cause and result. Rather, inequality should be seen through multiple lenses that all play a role in shaping our world. To better understand income inequality, HBR asked leading economists to share a data visualization emblematic of the issue they find most compelling.